Type-writing machine.



110.690,71.y Patented 1am?, |902. f l -`R. J. FISHER.' A

TYPE WRITING MAGHINE. (Appiica'cion alea .rune 22, 1900;) (No Modell) 48heets-Sheet 2.

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e@ libs f THE mums-PETERS sa. Humurrlm wAsHxNofoN. u. cv4

- `Pa'fefnted 1an. 7, 1902,.

No. e'o'jl's.- Y

3.11. FISHER. TYPE WRITING Ml-HIHINE.-

(A'pplication led June 22, 1900.)

, v By @UEx/leone;

No. 690,'7l5.

I R. J. FISHER. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

. (Application me@ June 22, 1900.)

Patented Jap. 7,1902;

4 Sheets-Sheet 4;

(No Model.)

- wimme ma nnms Ferns co vwo'ruuwo., WASHINGTON. n. cA Y 'UNITE-n STATESPATENT l FFicn.

ROBERT JOSEPH FISHER, OF ATHENS, TENNESSEE.-

TYPE-WRITING MAC-HINLQ SPECIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent N o.690,715, dated January 7, 1902.

Application ined June 22. 1900;

To a/ZZ whom t may con/cern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT JOSEPH FISHER, a citizen of theAUnitedStates, residing at Ath# ens, inthe county of McMinn and State ofTennessee, have invented a new and useful Type Writing Machine, (Oase13,) of which the following is a specification. ,f

This invention relates totype-writing machines, and particularly to theconstruction and arrangement ot' the type-bars thereof to provide a lowkeyboard, visible writing, and a permanent alinement of the type with aminimum number of. parts and low cost ofconstruction. In the attainmentof these results the invention primarily contemplates a modification ofthe construction and arrangement of type-bars disclosed in my compau ionapplication, (Oase A,) Serial No. 21,206. While accomplishing all of theadvantagesof the construction set forth in thefsaid other application,the present invention provides a novel manner of mounting and arrangingthe type-bars and their operating-shaft portions, whereby the type-barsare arranged at right angles to the/axis of rotation of theirVoperating-shafts i' and may be Yreadily Y grouped in such a way as toprovide a wide work-vista at the front of the type-basket to permit of aview of the writing from the front of the machine. Y

With these and otherobjects in view,which will hereinafter more fullyappear, the invention consists in the novel construction, combination,and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described, illustrated,and claimed. t

The improvements forming the subjectmatter of the present applicationare necessarily susceptible to modification without departing from thescope of theinvention; but the preferred embodiments of the improvementsare shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a planview of a type-writing machine embodying the improved type-action. Fig.2 is a front view of the machine. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinalsectional view thereof. Fig. 4 is ahorizontal sectional Viewillustrating the grouping and arrangement of the type-bar-operatingshafts and omitting the other parts of the machine for the purpose ofclearlyexposing the construcserni no, 212207. ,uit model.)

tion. Eig. 5 is a detail 'view showing a few of the individual bearingsabout the typebasketv opening. Fig. 6 is a detail in perspective of onetype-bar and its connections.

Like numerals ot reference designate corresponding parts in theseveralfigures of the drawings. p

The present invention relates solely to the construction andarrangementof the typebars in such a manner as to entirely dispense.with the usual hanger-ring or support for the type-bar bea-rings, whileat the same time providinga single direct operating connection betweenthe type-bar proper and the keystem associated therewith. Thisimprovement is necessarily susceptible to embodiment in almost any formtype-Writing machine; but it is preferably utilized in the constructionof a book type-writing' machine of the .type shown in my former patents,Nos. 569,491 and 573,868. The general form of the machine produced byembodying the novel construction and mounting of the type-bars is fullydisclosed in the companion application, (Oase A,) Serial No. 21,206,hereinbefore referred.to,and a specic detailed description of theauxiliary appurtenances of this machine is not Vdeemed necessary in thepresent case. It isof course understood that in the carrying out of theinvention the type-actio n, including the type-bars and the operatingparts therefor,is necessarilyca'rried by any suitable support; but forillustrative purposes the type-action, like in Oase A, is shown inconnection with a book type-writing machine having a travelingtype-carriage l, which is supported for travel in connection withsuitable carriage or frame rails 2, cooperating with the maintrack-rails3, which are asso-` ciated with the type-writing-maehine support ortable 4, one of said carriage-rails 2 or the frame of which it forms apart carrying the usual line-spacing mechanism 5. As shown, thetype-carriage l consists of a shallow or low casing provided with a atbase or door 6, the iuclosing side and front walls 7 andS, respectively,and the top cover 9 of the usual stepped form ation, over which isarranged the keyboard.

. The improvements forming the subjectmatter of the present applicationare designed to be associated with a suitable type- IOO basket openingwithin which the type-bars are grouped and which is open and freelyexposed to permit of a clear view of the work, and in the horizontalform of carriage illustrated in the drawings the latter is provided inits rear side with a rentrant crescent or approximatelysemicirculartype-basketopening 10. This arrangement of the type-basketopening within the rear side of the carriage permits the type-bars tostrike rearwardly, thus permitting the carriage to be advanced forwardlyor downwardly from the line of wri ting as the work progresses.

The present invention involves as an essential feature thereof theemployment of a single type-bar 1l, provided with an operat-ling-rock-shaf t portion 12, rigid therewith, so that for all practicalpurposes each type-bar and its operating rock-shaft will be of onepiece. By reason o f this construction each type-bar practicallyconsists of the single bar or arm portion 1l and the operating-shaftportion 12, which move in unison and are operated by a direct keyconnection therewith. The type-bar and the operating-shaft may beconstructed of one piece of material; but in the practical constructionthereof the operation of welding will probably be resorted to to effecta rigid union between the type-bars and their shafts.

In adapting the type-bars and their operating rock-shafts to ahorizontal type of machine, such as shown in the drawings, the saidoperating-shafts are all arranged in horizontal planes parallel with andin close proximity to the base or floor of the carriage-casing, therebydropping the entire type-action into close relation to the writingplane. It is by reason of this arrangement that a very low keyboard maybe provided in carrying out the present invention. The operatingrockshafts 12 for the type-bars extend forwardly from the type-basketopening 10 within the carriage-casing, and the type-bars themselves eare grouped in a crescent form within the typebasket opening at the edgethereof. The said type-bars by reason of being disposed at direct rightangles to the axis of rotation of their operating-shafts 12 willnormally stand in vertical positions when at rest, and by grou ping thetype-bars in separate side banks or groups, which is rendered possibleby the novel arrangement of the operating-shafts hereinafter more fullydescribed, there is formed or provided at the center of the typebasketbetween the separate side banks of the type-bars a widened work-vista13, which permits of a clear view from the front of the typecarriageinto the type-basket opening 10 upon the writing or printing. p

Each type-bar 11, or, more properly speaking, the operating rock-shaft12 thereof, is provided with a pair of,widelyspaced bearings 14 and 15,respectively, which bearings simply consist of bearing brackets orplates arranged in upstanding positions and having formed thereinbearing-openings 16 and 17,

respectively, which receive the opposite extremities of the operatingrock-shaft associated therewith, and at this point it is to be observedthat the bearing-openings in the widely-spaced bearings14 and 15 foreachrockshaft are arranged in direct alinement and are interseeted by acommon plane, so as not to interfere with the free oscillation of therock-shaft; but in order to permit of the rightangular disposition ofeach type-bar tothe axis of rotation of its operating-shaft theoperating-shafts for all of the type-bars excepting the type-bars at thevery center of the type-basket are provided with laterally deflected orbowed portions 18, which sweep about the type-basket opening and permitof an exceedingly close grouping of the shafts, so that the straightportions of the latter may be brought toward the center of thecarriagecasing into close or overlapping relation, as shown in Fig. 4 ofthe drawings.

The individual bearings 14 for the ends of the rock-shafts 12 contiguousto the typebars 11 are grouped in circular'series about the type-basketopening 10 and are seated, by means of a flange or other suitableconnection 19, at the edge of the type-basket opening cut in the base orfloor 6 ofthe typecarriage, as may be plainly seen from Fig. 3 of thedrawings. ings 15 are arranged remote from the typebasket opening inorder to secure a maximum length of bearing for the individualtype-bars, and inasmuch as most of the operatingshafts are longer thanthe type-bars proper the latter are positively prevented from anymaterial play at the striking-point, which would interfere with thealinement of the type. The said individual bearings 14, located aboutthe type-basket opening 10, are arranged side by side in as closerelation as possible, with the bearing-openings 1G in their upstandingportions disposed in a direction to aline with the openings in thecomplementary individual bearings 15, remote from the type-basketopening; but in order to provide for the close grouping of the operatingrock shafts 12 within the bottom portion of the traveling type-carriagethe said individual bearings 14 are necessarily of diiferent lengths, sothat the bearings for opposite sets of operatingshafts for the oppositebanks of type-bars are necessarily arranged in different planes, whichpermits of the operating rock-shafts for the opposite banks of type-barscrossing each other in different horizontal planes, so that there is nointerference between the shafts and their connections. This is plainlyshown in Figs. 3, 4, and 5 of the drawings.

It will be further observed that the arrangement of thetype-bar-operating shafts in the present case is quite similar to thatdisclosed in the other application, Case A, aforesaid; but it may alsobe noted herein that the series of operating rock-shafts 12 for one sidebank of type-bars extend forwardly from the typebasket opening indivergent relation and are The other individual bear-` ICO ICS

IIO

disposed in one general direction, While the operating-shafts for theopposite side bank of type-bars bear a similar divergent relation toeach other, but are disposed in an opposite. direction toward the centerof the type-carriage, whereby all of the operating-shafts will bebunched as closely toward the center of the carriage as possible. Mostof the divergently-arranged operating rock-shafts for the opposite banksof type-bars will therefore necessarily cross cach other,but indifferent horizontal planes, in view of the. different planes-in whichthe individual bearings 1l are arranged.

The key connections are all alike, and the` With a short crank-arm 22,fitted to one end of the type-bar-operating-shaft 12, associatedtherewith.l This single and direct connection of parts is plainly shownin Figs. 3 and 6 of the drawings, and in connection with eachtype-bar-operating shaft there is also employed a resetting orretracting spring 23, coiled upon the shaft and arranged to normallyexert a torsional tension in a direction for returning the type-bars totheir upright positions after the type has been struck'and the pressureof the finger relieved from the key.

The letter-spacing mechanism 24 and the yokes or universal connections25 for such mechanism are fully disclosed in the other application,(Case A,) so further reference there to is unnecessary in the presentapplication.A

The construction set forth in this application constitutes one of themany modifications which might be resorted to in the grouping of thetype-bar-operating rock-shafts in close compact relation to permit ofdirect key connections therewith, so it will therefore be nnderstoodthat various changes in the form, proportion, and minor details ofconstruction may be resorted to without departing from the principle orsacrificing any of theradvannected to said type-bar, and a key foroperating said shaft and disposed in a plane above the same.

3. In a type-writing machine, theeombination .with a series ofktype-bars arranged in crescent formation, of laterally deflected orbowed operating rock-shafts rigidly connectedy to the type-bars, andoperating-keys'disposed in a plane above said shafts.

4. In a type-Writing machine, the combination with a series of type-barsarranged in crescent formation, of laterally deected or bowed operatingrock-shafts rigidlyconnected to the type-bars, each of said type-barsbeing disposed at right angles to the axis of its rockshaft, andoperating-'keys located in a plane i or planes above said shafts.

5. In a type-writin g maehine,'the combina-p tion With a series oftype-bars arranged in crescent formation, of laterallydeiiectedor bowedoperating rock-shafts rigidly connected to said type-bars, each of saidtype-bars being disposed at right angles ,to its rock-shaft, a series ofseparate bearing members support,- ing the inner or-'rear ends of therock-shafts,

and keys for operating said shafts and located.

in a plane or planes above thev same.

6. In a type-Writing machine, the combination with a frame for thetype-action having an approximately crescent-shaped type-basket opening,of a series of individual bearing members grouped about the edge of saidopen-. p

ing, operating rock-shafts journaled in said bearing members, type-barsrigid With V said operatingshafts and grouped in crescent form Withinthe opening, and keys for operating said shafts and located in a planeor planes above the saine.

7. In a type-Writing machina-.the combination with a supporting-framefor the type-ac-v tion, said frame having a crescent-shaped type-basketopening, of a series of individualV ating rock-shafts journaled in saidbearing` IIO members, type-bars rigidly connected with Y the rock-shaftsand arranged in crescent form Within the type-basket opening, saidrocklshafts extending away from theV type-basket and bearing an angularrelation to each other, l

and keys lfor operating said rock-shafts.

8. In a type-Writing machine, the combination with a supporting-framefor the type-ac-Y tion, said frame having a crescent-shaped type-basketopening, a series of individual Vpaired With those about the opening,operating rock-shafts j ournaled in said paired bearings, certain ofsaid shafts being crossed, and type-bars rigidly connected to saidshafts and arranged in crescent formation about the edge of thetype-basket opening.

9. In a type-Writing machine, the combination with the keys, of a seriesof type-bars,

and operating rock-shafts rigidly connected to the typebars and disposedat right angles thereto, said rock-shafts being extended under the keys.

l0. In a type-writing machine, a support for the type-action having acrescent typebasket opening, a plurality of swinging typebars providedwith operating rock shafts rigid therewith and extending forwardly ofsaid type-basket opening, all of said rockshafts extending in divergentrelation from the type-basket opening and hunched toward the center ofthe support for the type-action, and bearings for the operating-shaftsarranged respectively about the type-basket opening and remote from thelatter.

ll. In a type-writing machine, a support for the type-action having anapproximately crescent type -basket opening, a series of closelyarranged individual bearings arranged about the edge of said opening andof different projection, other bearings arranged remote from thetype-basket opening and paired with those about the opening, andswinging type-hars provided with operating rockshafts rigid therewithand journaled in the paired remotely-arranged bearings, all of saidrock-shafts extending in divergent relation away from the type-basket,and certain of which cross each other in different planes.

l2. In a type-writing machine, the carriage provided within the rearside thereof with an approximately crescent type-basket opening, aseries of individual bearings grouped about and arising from the edge ofsaid opening, said bearings being of diierent projection and disposed instaggered relation, other bearings fitted within the carriage-casingremote from those about the type-basket opening, and paired with thelatter, and swinging type-bars grouped within the type-basket openingand provided with operating rockshafts journaled in the paired bearings,all of said rock-shafts extending in divergent relation forwardly of thetype-basket opening` and grouped or hunched toward the center of thecarriage-casing, whereby certain ot' such shafts cross each other indifferent planes.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixedmy signature in the presence of two witnesses.

ROBERT JOSEPH FISHER.

Witnesses:

J. LUTHER EMERSON, JAMES D. WILLIAMS.

